Hype disconnects speech from reality and shields actors from the consequences of their decisions. Hype becomes not just a linguistic trend but an institutionalised habit of avoidance. When managers are no longer accountable for what they say—because what they say has no anchor in meaning—they become
In passing off the thinking of others as our own, we fail to invoke the discipline essential in critical thinking. The most effective antidote to this is a crisp document, 'written with such clarity that it's like angels singing from on high', followed by a messy meeting in which people can robustly
